August 2005
Summary
Réalités industrielles
Energy in France and the world
Complete issue
Éditorial
By François Valérian
Rédacteur en chef des Annales des Mines
Tendances
Le réacteur expérimental ITER à Cadarache
Energy markets: A glut or shortage?
By Claude Mandil
Directeur exécutif, Agence internationale de l'énergie
Although fossil fuels do not risk being exhausted soon, the specter of scarcity is haunting the oil market. This market has fallen victim to a historical shortage of investments and a rising demand that is less elastic than expected. Moreover, higher oil prices seem to have no effect on investment decisions, nor on consumer behavior.Should we resignedly accept prices rising up to one or even two hundred dollars a barrel? And should we passively accept having poor countries pay for the thoughtlessness of wealthy lands?
The contribution of petroleum technology to increasing the world’s oil reserves and supply
By Olivier Appert
Président de l'IFP
et Jacqueline Lecourtier
Directeur scientifique
To satisfy a growing demand for energy, technological innovation is the key for increasing the reserves and supply of petroleum in the world. We will thus be able to profit from this source of energy for several more decades. And our society will have the time needed to learn how to tap other sources and to make the indispensable transition toward them.
Energy efficiency in France: An international comparison
By Michel Potier
Directeur adjoint honoraire, Direction de l'Environnement, OCDE
Major disparities exist between OECD countries in terms of energy efficiency. How does France rank in relation to its principal partners? The answer depends on the type of indicator. Macroeconomic indicators can serve as the grounds for introducing incentives to improve the marginal efficiency in an industry or sector; but they are of little use in a country, like the United States, characterized by a structural lack of efficiency in energy consumption. Recent technicoeconomic indicators shed more light on the savings made or to be made in energy consumption.
Controlling energy and the fight against climatic change: What consequences for R&D?
By Yves Bamberger
Directeur Recherche & Développement, EDF
After a decline since the early 1990s, R&D in the field of energy is now making advances along the path to “sustainable development”. Research is focusing on four poles: reducing the need for energy; improving the modes of production and developing new ones; and working out a global conception that takes into account all the elements in a system.
Faits et chiffres en 2004
Partie statistique coordonnée par Richard Lavergne et Louis Meuric, Observatoire de l'énergie
Bilan énergétique provisoire de la France pour 2004
By Richard Lavergne
Secrétaire général de l'Observatoire de l'énergie, ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
L'évolution annuelle de l'énergie en France depuis 1973
By Louis Meuric
Adjoint au Secrétaire général de l'Observatoire de l'Énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
La facture énergétique de la France en 2004
By Louis Meuric
Adjoint au Secrétaire général de l'Observatoire de l'Énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
L'électricité
By Sylvie Scherrer
Observatoire de l'Énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
Le gaz naturel en France : les principaux résultats en 2004
By Véronique Paquel
Observatoire de l'énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
Les combustibles minéraux solides
By Sami Louati
Observatoire de l'énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
Les hydrocarbures
By Louis Meuric
Adjoint au secrétaire général de l'Observatoire de l'énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
Les énergies renouvelables
By Hélène Thiénard
Observatoire de l'énergie, DGEMP, Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie